Theology
Calvinism and Arminianism (3) Christian Life and Vocation (1) Free Will and Sovereignty (4) Gospel (1) Historical Theology (2) Law and Gospel (1) Priesthood of All Believers (1) Sacraments and Ordinances (2) Salvation and Justification (1) Solas (4) Theological Recoveries (1) Theology of the Cross (1) Union with Christ (1)
Theological Recoveries
An introduction to the central theological recoveries and controversies of the Reformation, from grace and atonement to vocation and union with Christ.
Calvinism and Arminianism
Arminianism
The origins and theology of Arminianism from Jacob Arminius and the Remonstrance of 1610 to the Synod of Dordt and its aftermath.
Calvinism and Arminianism
A point-by-point comparison of Calvinism and Arminianism on sin, free will, election, atonement, grace, regeneration, and perseverance.
The Five Points of Calvinism
An overview of the five points of Calvinism: total depravity, unconditional election, particular redemption, effectual grace, and perseverance.
Christian Life and Vocation
Vocation
How Luther, Calvin, and Tyndale recovered ordinary callings as sacred service to God and neighbor flowing from justification by faith.
Free Will and Sovereignty
Free or Fettered?
A biblical and theological study of human choice under sin and grace, relating moral responsibility to God’s sovereignty and renewing grace.
Sovereignty and Responsibility
A comparison of Calvinist and Arminian accounts of divine sovereignty, providence, human freedom, moral agency, evil, and responsibility.
The Bondage of the Will
An introduction to Martin Luther’s Bondage of the Will, his reply to Erasmus on sin, grace, sovereignty, responsibility, and saving faith.
The Freedom of the Human Will
A survey of the Reformation debate between Erasmus and Luther over the fallen will, saving grace, divine sovereignty, and human responsibility.
Gospel
The Gospel
The Reformation as God’s gospel recovery mission.
Historical Theology
Pelagius
The Pelagian controversy over original sin, human ability, and divine grace, and Augustine’s defense of salvation as the sovereign work of God.
Platonic Influence
An examination of how Platonic philosophy influenced early and medieval Christian thought, sometimes obscuring the Bible’s teaching about creation and humanity.
Law and Gospel
Law and Gospel
How the Reformation distinction between law and gospel clarifies Scripture, exposes sin, announces Christ, and directs the Christian life.
Priesthood of All Believers
The Priesthood of All Believers
How the Reformation recovered the priesthood of all believers while preserving the pastoral ministry and Christ’s unique high priesthood.
Sacraments and Ordinances
Sacraments
The historical development of the medieval sacramental system and the Reformers’ recovery of a biblical understanding of grace, baptism, and the Lord’s Supper.
Sacraments
How the Reformers challenged the medieval sacramental system and recovered baptism and the Lord’s Supper as signs joined to the promise of the gospel.
Salvation and Justification
Justification
Why justification by grace alone through faith alone was the heart of the Reformation and the answer to humanity’s need for righteousness before God.
Solas
Sola Gratia
An explanation of sola gratia: salvation is God's free gift to undeserving sinners, accomplished and applied by grace alone rather than human merit.
Sola Scriptura
An explanation of sola Scriptura: the written Word of God is the church's supreme and sufficient authority for faith and life.
Soli Deo Gloria
An explanation of soli Deo gloria: creation, salvation, worship, vocation, and all of life exist for the glory of God alone.
The Five ‘Solas’
An introduction to the five solas as concise summaries of the Reformation gospel: Scripture alone, grace alone, faith alone, Christ alone, and glory to God alone.
Theological Recoveries
Lutheran versus Reformed
A comparison of Lutheran and Reformed traditions on Christology, worship, sacraments, covenant, law and gospel, and salvation.
Theology of the Cross
Theology of the Cross
Luther’s theology of the cross from the Heidelberg Disputation, contrasting God’s revelation in Christ crucified with the theology of glory.
Union with Christ
Union with Christ
How union with Christ joins justification and sanctification as the double grace received by faith through the Holy Spirit.
